Electronics Components Overview

Few of them...
Although, most of us know that these circuit components do exist but it is rather unfortunate that some people still finds it difficult to identify some components and there essence of usage in an electrical and electronics circuits.
There are varieties of components both analog and digital based but, I will mention a few of them and overtime I will explain and listing out others.

1.  Capacitor:         A capacitor stores electrical energy when charged by a DC source. It can pass

alternating current (AC), but blocks direct current (DC) e xcept for a very short charging current,called transient current.

There are various types of capacitors that served different purpose. But today, I will only be writing on an electrolytic type capacitor.
Electrolytic capacitor is simply a capacitor that is polarized so that it has positive and negative pin terminal. This type of capacitor can be used to electrical charge.

Uses of electrolytic capacitor in an electronics circuit
1. To store electrical charges
2. For coupling signals in amplifier stages and decoupling
3. To remove noise
4. For filtering some components of AC to DC e.t.c




For more on the capacitors and there function . You can review https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor

2. Resistor:  

The resistor is an electronic component that has electrical friction. This friction opposes the flow of electrons and thus reduces the voltage (pressure) placed on other electronic components by restricting the amount of current that can pass through it.

Also, there are different types of resistors; Bleeder resistor, Choke resistor, variable resistor, fixed resistor and many more. 

Uses of resistor in an electronics circuits

1.  To reduce the flow of current

2.   To adjust signal level

3.  To divide voltages (voltage divider)

4.  To bias active elements such as transistors

5.   For surge protection

6.  For setting time along with capacitor in a timer circuit.

For more you can this source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resistor

3.  Transistor: A transistor is a 3-terminal semiconductor device (Collector, Base, and Emitter). It can either an NPN or PNP type. It is majorly used for amplification of signal. The signal amplifies might either be a voltage or current signal depending on the configuration adopt while using it to amplify the signal.

Parts of a transistor

1. Base: The base of the transistor serves as the gate for the transistor because with a voltage been applied to the base of the transistor, the transistor wont output any signal. This voltage is normally applied from base to the emitter of the transistor and it must be equal to or greater than 0.7v. 

2. Collector:  The collector of the transistor serves as the output terminal of the transistor

3.  Emitter: It is the outlet to the supply. It is usually grounded.


You can also add to it.